Copying this for the image of "Data + Generative AI"

This is three months old, but I just came across it on LinkedIn...

George H. Kerr on a "Formosa Studies Program"

Came across this "Proposal for a Formosa Studies Program, with Comment" that George H. Kerr sent to Cheng-mei Shaw (蕭成美) on March 22, 1971. (h/t Dr. Hidekazu Sensui for sharing the scans from the Okinawa Prefectural Archives)

I record here, for your consideration, some alternative possibilities and ideas concerning a Formosa studies program.

These suggestions are made on the assumption that you will have between $25,000 and $30,000 to spend annually, for a period of five years, and that you are seeking a means to stimulate serious academic support for research and publication.

I. A "Formosa Studies Center", per se.

Under present inflationary conditions it would not be possible to establish a separate "Formosa Studies Center" in an important university for $30,000 annually. Salaries, operating costs, library acquisitions, and overhead must all be considered. (The Berkeley (U.C.) China Studies Center operates on an annual $250,000 budget, subsidized principally by the Ford Foundation.)

II. A "Formosa Studies Program" Within an Established China Studies Center or Department

The question of "Formosa" as distinct from "Chinese" studies rises at once. The introduction of a privately subsidized program within an established academic program would be difficult. University administrations must insist on the academic qualifications and standards applied throughout the institution, and preserve at least the appearance of "objectivity." The "Formosa"-"China" distinction at once takes on a political character at the present time.

III. Grants in Support of Formosa Studies Specialists

It may be feasible to offer scholarship or fellowship funds to an established academic research center or department with the proviso that they be used to support individual scholars seriously involved in Formosan studies. On the one hand, there could be no strings attached nor overt attempts to influence the recipients, and on the other, the continuity of the subsidy must be guaranteed for a specific period.

A variant on this would be the offer of scholarship support across the country, wherever first-rate graduate students are found whose faculty sponsors recommend them for grants. This, however, would inevitably expose them to charges of "bias" or of being "bought," no matter what the subject or the tenor of their conclusions might be.

IV. Support for a Formosan Specialist at Faculty Level

There may be faculties interested in having Dr. Peng Ming-min or other fully qualified specialists join them as Visiting Professors (in History, or Political Science, Law, etc.). If it were known that half the salaries or the full salaries would be met for a guaranteed period, there is some possibility here. With increasing public debate of the China issue, there is certain to be a rising interest in Formosa's role in it.

Since the bottom salary for a full professor at a major university is now say $20,000, this would mean a surplus available for an "outside" (non-university) secretary or aide.

V. An Independent Information Center and Publications Program

Failing a formal establishment within a university program, it might be useful to create a base adjacent to a major university (Ann Arbor, Palo Alto, Berkeley) at which a well-qualified staff would undertake to gather together accurate data, reproduce it in usable form and make it available to academic centers, political leaders, editors, etc.--the molders of public opinion.

This is definitely and obviously weaker and more vulnerable than a formal academic setup, but could perform a useful function. It will be identified as a "Formosa Lobby", and will be equated with the KMT "China Information Service". Nevertheless, by maintaining the highest possible standards of accuracy and candor, it would have a chance to win recognition and respect. It would certainly fill a need. 

Among its services would be a clearing-house agency for public speakers on the subject of Formosa and the Formosan Question. It could undertake to print up the full texts, synopses, digests or summaries of academic theses and dissertations concerning Formosa, giving them a circulation they do not ordinarily have and cannot expect.

To some extent this would overlap the function of the present Independent Formosa, and some understanding would have to be reached on this. It must establish an immediate reputation for accuracy and avoid obviously slanted material. It might produce occasional analyses of the present Taipei government, with accurate statistics and notes on Formosan leaders who must be considered in negotiations on the Formosan Question. It must present the case for Formosan leadership rather than attempt to denigrate or attack Nationalist leaders (that task will be done by others, I am sure, once the big debate begins).

A staff of two principals plus secretarial help could make a useful contribution. It is possible that some research projects could be farmed out to Formosan and other graduate students scattered over the country. Since all non-citizens are vulnerable these days, it would be an advantage to have the staff consist of American citizens, with one perhaps a naturalized Formosan and the other a native-born American. Both should have wide experience in the handling of research materials.

I'd be interested to know what became of this proposal. The University of Washington has an oral history interview of Cheng-mei Shaw (also known as Seng-bi Shaw) from 2017 that might mention this; I'll have to check that. I believe Shaw did support some Taiwan-related programs at various universities, but I can't find information on that right now. Any help would be appreciated!

Source of proposal: Okinawa Prefectural Archives, Folder GHK2G01001.

P.S. I'm struck by Kerr's comment that "all non-citizens are vulnerable these days"--we seem to be in the same situation nowadays. 

Third chapter draft finished!

I just emailed a draft of the third chapter I am working on to my partners. I am not confident in it, but at least it's done. Now I can focus on other things that I need to do, like preparing for the fall semester and pulling weeds in the front lawn. (My son's school bus will stop in front of our house this year, and I don't want his classmates to think that we're the Addams Family.) 

But first, to bed...

"What’s Next for Taiwan: Navigating New Diplomatic, Economic, and Security Dynamics"

I want to watch this when I get a chance. 

;

Still struggling...

I am close (I think) to finishing this chapter that I'm working on, and I really need to get it done asap so that I can prepare for my courses that start September 3. But instead of diving into some correspondence that I need to go over to write the last section, I keep adding to and tweaking other parts of the chapter. I think I'm scared of how much work it might turn out to be. But I've got to do it. What can this be called? It's not "writer's block" because it's not about the writing. Is there something called "reader's block"?  

New year's resolutions for the 2025-2026 academic year?

I see I did one of these last year about this time. I did do some reading, but I don't think I used the commuter rail time to read--think I was still doing Duolingo. 

Did some writing--got the revisions done to my GHK paper, which should be out by the end of the year (watch this space). As you know, I'm still working on the biography chapters, and that's going to be something that I'll be working on until at least December, I imagine. 

But I don't really know what to resolve to do this year. I don't know what to hope for, to be honest. Maybe I can resolve to get more sleep. I think I could use some more sleep. (Maybe it's not a good idea to make new year's resolutions when you're tired!)

AI vs. learning

I seem to be embedding LinkedIn posts a lot recently. Here's another one about AI that I like. I might bring it up in class.

One chapter to go, but feeling drained

I managed to finish a draft of the second chapter that I'm responsible for and sent it off on the 9th, but I haven't made much progress on finishing the third chapter. I have over half of it done, I suppose, but there are a few points for which I need to spend some time looking through and organizing some archival documents.

But right now I am not quite in the mood to work on this. Two days before I sent off the second chapter, I heard from my mother that her older sister passed away. Aunt Lucy (married to Uncle Erich, who died in 2014) was 102. When someone reaches that age, you simultaneously feel that she could go at any time and also feel that she will be around forever. Even though we saw her decline in the last year or so--and especially toward the end--it's hard to believe that she's gone. My mother, who talked to her on the phone almost every night for an hour for probably 15 years, has lost the last person with whom she could share--really share, not just talk about--all their childhood memories. And Aunt Lucy was like a second mother to me, especially when I spent the summer of 1985 (40 years ago!) with them in Allentown, working at the family jewelry and clock store. I didn't realize at the time that she was 62 years old (which would have seemed extremely old to me back then); she always seemed young and energetic, even years later when she was complaining about various aches and pains. To imagine (to witness, really) that she led an active life for another 40 years after that reinforces that feeling of almost surprise that she is gone.

I'm not sure how to finish this. I will try to get back to work on my writing now. More updates as needed!

One chapter down, two to go...

I sent to the other authors the first of the three chapters that I'm responsible for in the GHK biography. It's actually the second of the three, that covers Kerr's advocacy for Taiwan during the late 1940s-mid 1950s and the effects of McCarthyism on his academic career. It's interesting writing about this with a Taiwanese audience in mind because I have to make sure that I discuss the American historical context in more detail than I might have to with a US audience. (Then again, as I was reminded by a colleague, I should probably not expect the US audience to be that much more informed about the McCarthy era, unless they have studied it. I think folks today would consider it ancient history. Which they shouldn't, for some very pressing reasons... But I digress.)

The other concern I have is about my style/tone. It's going to be translated into Chinese, so I tried to write with that in mind, but I had some trouble figuring out how academic vs. how popular I should sound. I'm afraid I might have erred on the side of sounding academic. That might need some work depending on what the editors and publishers expect. To me, it's interesting stuff, but it might sound a bit dry and boring to readers. Perhaps I should spice it up a bit. I tried to include quotes from Kerr and others to bring their voices into it, but of course the results will depend on how it gets translated. 

One extended quote that I liked was from a political science professor at Stanford who was interviewed by the Civil Service Commission about Kerr's loyalty when Kerr was applying for a contract position at the Hoover Institute that was funded by the International Cooperation Administration. He appears to have responded rather testily to the interviewer's questions:

In the last few years I have been interviewed by Government Investigators at least three or four times concerning George Kerr. I have always given George the highest recommendation and my opinion of him has not changed since the last time I was interviewed about a year or a year and a half ago. If I had any reason to question him either securitywise or from the standpoint of loyalty, I would surely inform the proper government agency. 

I first met George while we were both assigned to the Formosa Research Unit at Columbia University while serving with the United States Navy around 1944. I have known him ever since. Last semester at Stanford University he taught a course in my department. He has been out at the University for a good number of years now. I think that any man who has served as a Naval Attache and a Vice-Consul for this government does not have to be investigated every time he turns around. 

George’s character, habits and morals are beyond reproach. He is completely honest and trustworthy and a gentleman of the highest integrity. I can only reiterate all the statements I have made in the past. I cannot question his loyalty to this country. I feel the government is lucky to get his services and I would recommend him highly for work involving our national security program.

I'd love to know who this was, but unfortunately, his name has been redacted. I suppose I could figure it out pretty easily, though, if I did a little searching to find out who was at Columbia and then went to Stanford. 

But I have those two other chapters to work on now... due 8/15! Wish me luck!

Source: James M. Murtha, investigator, Report of Investigation, George Henry Kerr, CSC [Civil Service Commission] Case Serial No. 5.22.55.5235, 2nd Regional Investigations Division (New York, NY: U.S. Civil Service Commission, Intermittently 24 June-12 July, 1955). (FOIA request).

Some possible language to use with students

I liked the language of "developmental editing" vs. "copyediting" from this. It might be a good way to explain to students why they have to do multiple drafts, rather than just saying that they have to do two drafts before the final draft.